Mammalian evolution underground. The ecological-genetic-phenetic interfaces

Genetic and Phenetic Approaches to Anopheles Systematics

The Anopheles genus is probably one of the best studied genera among insects of medical importance. Of more than 500 species currently listed in the world about sixty species are vectors of malaria agents and about thirty species are responsible for most of the transmission [1-3]. The important epidemiological role of anopheline species has motivated many studies of taxonomy and systematics wit...

The Ecological Role of the Mammalian Mesocarnivore

L mammalian carnivores (species in the order Carnivora) are ecologically important because a few individuals can cause strong predation-driven direct effects or fear-driven indirect effects on communities and ecosystems (Ripple and Beschta 2004, Ray et al. 2005). Nevertheless, most carnivores are neither large nor at the apex of their ecological communities. Rather, they are small and midsized ...

Mammalian reproduction: an ecological perspective.

The objectives of this paper are to organize our concepts about the environmental regulation of reproduction in mammals and to delineate important gaps in our knowledge of this subject. The environmental factors of major importance for mammalian reproduction are food availability, ambient temperature, rainfall, the day/night cycle and a variety of social cues. The synthesis offered here uses as...

The Evolution of Neuroprosthetic Interfaces.

The ideal neuroprosthetic interface permits high-quality neural recording and stimulation of the nervous system while reliably providing clinical benefits over chronic periods. Although current technologies have made notable strides in this direction, significant improvements must be made to better achieve these design goals and satisfy clinical needs. This article provides an overview of the s...

Evolution of the Ecological Niche